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聚(乳酸-共-乙醇酸)纳米粒子介导的白细胞介素-12 递送用于治疗糖尿病视网膜病变
Authors Zeng L, Ma W, Shi L, Chen X, Wu R, Zhang Y, Chen H, Chen H
Received 7 May 2019
Accepted for publication 16 July 2019
Published 8 August 2019 Volume 2019:14 Pages 6357—6369
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S214727
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single-blind
Peer reviewers approved by Dr Alexander Kharlamov
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Mian Wang
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes that affects the eyes and vision. It is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in working-age people. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is a primary initiator and potential mediator of DR. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays a progressive role in the onset and severity of DR. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a cytokine of the chemokine family that could reduce the levels of MMP-9 and VEGF-A and suppress tumor angiogenesis. We hypothesize that IL-12 may also have superior therapeutic efficacy against DR. However, protein drugs are prone to degradation by various proteases after drug injection. Therefore, they have short half-lives and low blood concentrations. The objective of this study was to develop IL-12-loaded nanoparticles for long-term and sustained DR treatment.
Methods: IL-12-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (IL-12-PNP) were developed by double emulsion. The characteristics, anti-DR activity, and mechanisms of IL-12-PNP were examined in vitro and in vivo.
Results: The nanoparticles had suitable particle size (∼132.8 nm), drug encapsulation efficiency (∼34.7%), and sustained drug release profile. Compared with IL-12 and blank nanoparticles, IL-12-PNP showed better inhibitory efficacy against VEGF-A and MMP-9 expression in rat endothelial cells and DR mouse retina. Intraocular IL-12-PNP administration significantly reduced retinal damage in DR mice as they presented with increased thickness and decreased neovascularization after treatment.
Conclusion: These data indicate that IL-12-PNP is an effective drug delivery platform for DR therapy. It restores the thickness and reduces neovascularization of the retinas of DR mice.
Keywords: interleukin-12, nanoparticles, angiogenesis, controlled release, diabetic retinopathy