Background: Several new instruments and techniques for pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) have been widely used in recent years, but information about the related characteristics of PPV in China is limited. To investigate the trends in the characteristics of PPV in Eastern China, an 8-year retrospective study was conducted.
Patients and methods: We collected data from patients who underwent PPV at the Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China, in November 2007, November 2011, and November 2015. Cases of trauma-related retinopathy were excluded. Data on the patient demographics, surgical procedures, and the prophylactic use of IOP-lowering medications were collected and analyzed.
Results: In 2015, most PPVs were conducted with a 23-gauge system, whereas all PPVs in 2007 and 2011 were conducted with a 20-gauge system. The proportions of macular disease in the population in 2007, 2011, and 2015 were 9.1%, 10.7%, and 21.5%, respectively (P <0.001). The proportion of PPV that was combined with lens extraction and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation increased significantly from 12.81% in 2007 to 25.95% by 2015 (P <0.001). The proportions of patients treated with IOP-lowering drugs in 2007, 2011, and 2015 were 27.40%, 38.20%, and 12.60%, respectively (P <0.001). In 2007, systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAI-Ss) and beta blockers (BBs) were the two main types of prophylactic IOP-lowering drugs administered, but their use had decreased in 2015 (P <0.001). The preventive use of adrenergic agonists (AAs), topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAI-Ts), and prostaglandin analogs (PGAs) became increasingly frequent from 2007 to 2015 (P <0.05).
Conclusion: The 23-gauge system, rather than the 20-gauge system, had become the mainstream PPV instrument by 2015. The proportion of macular disease patients requiring PPV in China clearly increased, and the rate of prophylactic IOP-lowering drug use decreased by 2015.
Keywords: ocular hypertension, glaucoma, vitrectomy, macular disease, epidemiology