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Authors Song Y, Lin KF, He S, Wang CM, Zhang SS, Li DL, Wang JM, Cao TQ, Bi L, Pei GX
Received 19 September 2017
Accepted for publication 7 December 2017
Published 25 January 2018 Volume 2018:13 Pages 505—523
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S152105
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single-blind
Peer reviewers approved by Dr Alexander Kharlamov
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Linlin Sun
Background and aim: As a newly emerging three-dimensional (3D) printing technology,
low-temperature robocasting can be used to fabricate geometrically complex
ceramic scaffolds at low temperatures. Here, we aimed to fabricate 3D printed
ceramic scaffolds composed of nano-biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), polyvinyl
alcohol (PVA), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) at a low temperature without the
addition of toxic chemicals.
Methods: Corresponding nonprinted scaffolds were prepared using a
freeze-drying method. Compared with the nonprinted scaffolds, the printed
scaffolds had specific shapes and well-connected internal structures.
Results: The incorporation of PRF enabled both the sustained release of bioactive
factors from the scaffolds and improved biocompatibility and biological
activity toward bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro.
Additionally, the printed BCP/PVA/PRF scaffolds promoted significantly better
BMSC adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation in vitro than the
printed BCP/PVA scaffolds. In vivo, the printed BCP/PVA/PRF scaffolds induced a
greater extent of appropriate bone formation than the printed BCP/PVA scaffolds
and nonprinted scaffolds in a critical-size segmental bone defect model in
rabbits.
Conclusion: These experiments indicate that low-temperature robocasting could
potentially be used to fabricate 3D printed BCP/PVA/PRF scaffolds with desired
shapes and internal structures and incorporated bioactive factors to enhance
the repair of segmental bone defects.
Keywords: three-dimensional printing, nano-biphasic calcium phosphate,
polyvinyl alcohol, platelet-rich fibrin, bone substitutes, tissue engineering