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Authors Xie J, Zhu XY, Liu LM, Meng ZQ
Received 30 September 2017
Accepted for publication 27 November 2017
Published 24 January 2018 Volume 2018:10 Pages 153—166
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S152951
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single-blind
Peer reviewers approved by Dr Lucy Goodman
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Professor Kenan Onel
Abstract: Digestive system neoplasms are the leading causes of
cancer-related death all over the world. Solute carrier (SLC) superfamily is
composed of a series of transporters that are ubiquitously expressed in organs
and tissues of digestive systems and mediate specific uptake of small molecule
substrates in facilitative manner. Given the important role of SLC proteins in
maintaining normal functions of digestive system, dysregulation of these
protein in digestive system neoplasms may deliver biological and clinical
significance that deserves systemic studies. In this review, we critically
summarized the recent advances in understanding the role of SLC proteins in
digestive system neoplasms. We highlighted that several SLC subfamilies,
including metal ion transporters, transporters of glucose and other sugars,
transporters of urea, neurotransmitters and biogenic amines, ammonium and
choline, inorganic cation/anion transporters, transporters of nucleotide, amino
acid and oligopeptide organic anion transporters, transporters of vitamins and
cofactors and mitochondrial carrier, may play important roles in mediating the
initiation, progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance of digestive system
neoplasms. Proteins in these SLC subfamilies may also have diagnostic and
prognostic values to particular cancer types. Differential expression of SLC
proteins in tumors of digestive system was analyzed by extracting data from
human cancer database, which revealed that the roles of SLC proteins may either
be dependent on the substrates they transport or be tissue specific. In
addition, small molecule modulators that pharmacologically regulate the
functions of SLC proteins were discussed for their possible application in the
treatment of digestive system neoplasms. This review highlighted the potential
of SLC family proteins as drug target for the treatment of digestive system
neoplasms.
Keywords: solute carrier,
digestive system neoplasms, carcinogenesis, tumor progression, chemoresistance,
small molecule modulators