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已发表论文
精神科护士反思性实践与照护行为的关系：一项潜在剖面分析
Authors Ren Y, Li J , Lin X, Luo S
Received 15 October 2025
Accepted for publication 1 February 2026
Published 11 February 2026 Volume 2026:19 574450
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S574450
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Gulsum Kaya
Yanjuan Ren, Jie Li, Xiaomin Lin, Shanxia Luo
Mental Health Center, West China Hospital / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Shanxia Luo, Mental Health Center, West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China, Email shanxialuo@163.com
Introduction: Reflective practice has emerged as a critical competency for psychiatric nurses, enabling them to critically evaluate and adapt their care approaches. Growing evidence suggests that reflective practice may serve as a key driver of high-quality caring behaviors, which are essential for establishing therapeutic relationships and improving outcomes in mental health settings. This study aimed to classify latent profiles of reflective practice among psychiatric nurses and examine their effects on caring behaviors.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to recruit psychiatric nurses from ten mental health treatment centers across ten hospitals in Sichuan Province, China, between January and March 2024. Psychiatric nurses completed an online investigation encompassing the Reflective Practice Questionnaire and the Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI). Latent profile analysis (LPA) and hierarchical regression analysis were employed to achieve the study objectives.
Results: A total of 346 psychiatry nurses were included in this study. The reflective practice of psychiatric nurses was classified into three subgroups in this study: “passive reflective participants” (n=48, 13.9%), “moderately balanced reflective practitioners” (n=175, 50.6%), and “high-achieving reflective leaders” (n=123, 35.5%). The hierarchical regression analysis revealed a significant positive association between distinct profiles of reflective practice and psychiatric nurses’ caring behaviors (ΔR2 = 0.420, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The identification of three distinct reflective practice profiles (“passive reflective participants”, “moderately balanced reflective practitioners”, and “high-achieving reflective leaders”) provides a nuanced understanding of the reflective practice among psychiatry nurses. Targeted development programs, such as peer mentoring for the “passive” group and the “moderate” group, could be designed based on individual profile membership to optimize caring behaviors in psychiatric nursing.
Keywords: psychiatric nurses, reflective practice, caring behaviors, latent profile analysis
Mental Health Center, West China Hospital / West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Shanxia Luo, Mental Health Center, West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China, Email shanxialuo@163.com
Introduction: Reflective practice has emerged as a critical competency for psychiatric nurses, enabling them to critically evaluate and adapt their care approaches. Growing evidence suggests that reflective practice may serve as a key driver of high-quality caring behaviors, which are essential for establishing therapeutic relationships and improving outcomes in mental health settings. This study aimed to classify latent profiles of reflective practice among psychiatric nurses and examine their effects on caring behaviors.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to recruit psychiatric nurses from ten mental health treatment centers across ten hospitals in Sichuan Province, China, between January and March 2024. Psychiatric nurses completed an online investigation encompassing the Reflective Practice Questionnaire and the Caring Behaviors Inventory (CBI). Latent profile analysis (LPA) and hierarchical regression analysis were employed to achieve the study objectives.
Results: A total of 346 psychiatry nurses were included in this study. The reflective practice of psychiatric nurses was classified into three subgroups in this study: “passive reflective participants” (n=48, 13.9%), “moderately balanced reflective practitioners” (n=175, 50.6%), and “high-achieving reflective leaders” (n=123, 35.5%). The hierarchical regression analysis revealed a significant positive association between distinct profiles of reflective practice and psychiatric nurses’ caring behaviors (ΔR2 = 0.420, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The identification of three distinct reflective practice profiles (“passive reflective participants”, “moderately balanced reflective practitioners”, and “high-achieving reflective leaders”) provides a nuanced understanding of the reflective practice among psychiatry nurses. Targeted development programs, such as peer mentoring for the “passive” group and the “moderate” group, could be designed based on individual profile membership to optimize caring behaviors in psychiatric nursing.
Keywords: psychiatric nurses, reflective practice, caring behaviors, latent profile analysis