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已发表论文
子宫内膜微生物组-免疫轴的双重作用：从子宫内膜稳态到生殖障碍
Authors Yu X, Zhang Y, Shi LJ, Wang H
Received 8 August 2025
Accepted for publication 22 January 2026
Published 11 February 2026 Volume 2026:18 559370
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S559370
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Matteo Frigerio
Xiaochuan Yu,1 Yating Zhang,2 Li juan Shi,2 Huali Wang1
1Department of Gynecology II, Dalian Women and Children’s Medical Center (Group), Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 2Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Huali Wang, Email wanghl_dl@126.com
Abstract: The homeostasis of the uterine environment is crucial for reproductive health. Recent studies have revealed the complex interplay between the endometrial microbiome, immune system, and the endometrium. Under normal physiological conditions, the microbiome, primarily composed of Lactobacillus species, promotes a healthy reproductive environment by maintaining local immune homeostasis, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, and regulating the integrity of the endometrial barrier. However, dysbiosis can abnormally activate local immune responses, disrupting the immune tolerance mechanisms of the endometrium and thereby compromising pregnancy maintenance and overall reproductive health. This study uniquely highlights the role of the endometrial microbiome in modulating immune responses specifically within the uterine environment, a critical factor for reproductive success. Our findings also suggest novel therapeutic strategies targeting microbiome modulation and immune regulation, offering promising avenues for improving reproductive health outcomes. This review aims to explore the regulatory mechanisms of the microbiome-immune axis in both physiological and pathological conditions, with a particular focus on how these interactions specifically influence the uterine environment, while also considering the broader implications of microbiome-immune interactions throughout the entire body. We will analyze its potential role in reproductive health issues and discuss new therapeutic strategies based on microbiome and immune modulation.
Keywords: endometrium, microbiota, immune response, reproductive health, immune tolerance, dysbiosis, recurrent miscarriage, infertility, endometritis
1Department of Gynecology II, Dalian Women and Children’s Medical Center (Group), Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 2Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Huali Wang, Email wanghl_dl@126.com
Abstract: The homeostasis of the uterine environment is crucial for reproductive health. Recent studies have revealed the complex interplay between the endometrial microbiome, immune system, and the endometrium. Under normal physiological conditions, the microbiome, primarily composed of Lactobacillus species, promotes a healthy reproductive environment by maintaining local immune homeostasis, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, and regulating the integrity of the endometrial barrier. However, dysbiosis can abnormally activate local immune responses, disrupting the immune tolerance mechanisms of the endometrium and thereby compromising pregnancy maintenance and overall reproductive health. This study uniquely highlights the role of the endometrial microbiome in modulating immune responses specifically within the uterine environment, a critical factor for reproductive success. Our findings also suggest novel therapeutic strategies targeting microbiome modulation and immune regulation, offering promising avenues for improving reproductive health outcomes. This review aims to explore the regulatory mechanisms of the microbiome-immune axis in both physiological and pathological conditions, with a particular focus on how these interactions specifically influence the uterine environment, while also considering the broader implications of microbiome-immune interactions throughout the entire body. We will analyze its potential role in reproductive health issues and discuss new therapeutic strategies based on microbiome and immune modulation.
Keywords: endometrium, microbiota, immune response, reproductive health, immune tolerance, dysbiosis, recurrent miscarriage, infertility, endometritis