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已发表论文
纳米材料增强导电水凝胶用于外周神经修复：仿生设计、机制和转化挑战
Authors Shi S , Yu X, Ou X, Wang Q, Huang Y, Hu D
Received 27 October 2025
Accepted for publication 6 February 2026
Published 13 February 2026 Volume 2026:21 577139
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S577139
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 4
Editor who approved publication: Professor Eng San Thian
Shaoyan Shi,1 Xingxing Yu,2 Xuehai Ou,1 Qian Wang,1 Yansheng Huang,3 Dong Hu4
1Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xi’an Medical College, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Dong Hu, Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China, Email mrhudong0502@163.com
Abstract: Peripheral nerve injuries often lead to permanent functional deficits, and current surgical or grafting techniques offer only partial recovery. Conductive hydrogels have recently emerged as a versatile platform that integrates tissue-like softness with electrical conductivity to actively promote nerve regeneration. By providing both mechanical support and electroactive cues, these materials enhance axonal extension, Schwann cell function, and neuroimmune modulation. Advances in hydrogel design—such as self-healing networks, injectability, and controlled release—further expand their therapeutic potential. Incorporating conductive polymers, nanomaterials, or ion-based systems enables precise tuning of conductivity and biological interactions. Preclinical studies demonstrate accelerated nerve repair and functional restoration, highlighting conductive hydrogels as a promising interface between biology and bioelectronics. Nonetheless, critical challenges remain, including long-term biocompatibility, controlled degradation, and scalable manufacturing for clinical translation. This review summarizes current design strategies, mechanisms, critically identifies evidence-based design principles most relevant for near-term clinical translation, while distinguishing speculative bioelectronic concepts from validated strategies.
Keywords: nanomaterials, hydrogels, nerve regeneration, conductive, repair
1Department of Hand Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xi’an Medical College, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Dong Hu, Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710000, People’s Republic of China, Email mrhudong0502@163.com
Abstract: Peripheral nerve injuries often lead to permanent functional deficits, and current surgical or grafting techniques offer only partial recovery. Conductive hydrogels have recently emerged as a versatile platform that integrates tissue-like softness with electrical conductivity to actively promote nerve regeneration. By providing both mechanical support and electroactive cues, these materials enhance axonal extension, Schwann cell function, and neuroimmune modulation. Advances in hydrogel design—such as self-healing networks, injectability, and controlled release—further expand their therapeutic potential. Incorporating conductive polymers, nanomaterials, or ion-based systems enables precise tuning of conductivity and biological interactions. Preclinical studies demonstrate accelerated nerve repair and functional restoration, highlighting conductive hydrogels as a promising interface between biology and bioelectronics. Nonetheless, critical challenges remain, including long-term biocompatibility, controlled degradation, and scalable manufacturing for clinical translation. This review summarizes current design strategies, mechanisms, critically identifies evidence-based design principles most relevant for near-term clinical translation, while distinguishing speculative bioelectronic concepts from validated strategies.
Keywords: nanomaterials, hydrogels, nerve regeneration, conductive, repair