已发表论文

牙种植体骨结合中的骨免疫调控:从异物反应到治疗性免疫调节——一项叙述性综述

 

Authors Jian XC, Dong YL, Zhang MM, Guo ZL 

Received 16 October 2025

Accepted for publication 14 January 2026

Published 2 February 2026 Volume 2026:21 574786

DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S574786

Checked for plagiarism Yes

Review by Single anonymous peer review

Peer reviewer comments 2

Editor who approved publication: Dr Krishna Nune

Xiao-Chong Jian,1,* Yu-Lei Dong,1,2,* Miao-Miao Zhang,1,2 Zhu-Ling Guo1,2 

1School of Dentistry, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570102, People’s Republic of China

*These authors contributed equally to this work

Correspondence: Zhu-Ling Guo, School of Dentistry, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100, People’s Republic of China, Email zlguo@ynpfph.org

Background: The long-term success of dental implants depends on osseointegration, traditionally viewed as a biomechanical process. Recent osteoimmunology research reveals it as an immune-mediated phenomenon, where successful integration results from a redirected foreign body reaction termed Foreign Body Equilibrium (FBE).
Objective: This review aims to redefine osseointegration through the lens of osteoimmunology, emphasizing macrophage polarization (M1-to-M2 switch) as the pivotal determinant of implant fate, and to evaluate strategies for immunomodulatory implant design.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. We selected and synthesized pivotal studies focusing on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of osseointegration, specifically targeting macrophage-T cell crosstalk and the RANKL-OPG axis. The review critically analyzes modulatory factors (surface topography, wettability, patient-specific conditions) and evaluates emerging therapeutic strategies such as bioactive coatings and extracellular vesicle functionalization.
Conclusion: Osseointegration is an active osteoimmune process. Harnessing immunomodulation—particularly macrophage polarization—can transform implants from passive devices to therapeutic platforms, improving outcomes in diverse clinical scenarios.

Keywords: osseointegration, foreign-body reaction, immunomodulation, dental implants, macrophage activation, bone-immune system