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已发表论文
基于4D-DIA定量蛋白质组学识别血清BST1作为预测川崎病儿童冠状动脉病变的生物标志物
Authors Zhang S , Huang J, Zhang M , Zhao C, Wu W, Chen W
Received 30 September 2025
Accepted for publication 29 November 2025
Published 24 January 2026 Volume 2026:19 570480
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JIR.S570480
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Prof. Dr. Chengming Fan
Shuwan Zhang,1,2 Junhua Huang,3 Mengfei Zhang,2 Chuanmei Zhao,2 Wenjing Wu,1 Wei Chen1
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi’an Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Medical Technology, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Wei Chen, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China, Email chenweixjtu2014@126.com
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children, with coronary artery lesions (CAL) as its most severe complication. This observational study aimed to investigate the expression of bone marrow stromal cell antigen-1 (BST1) in KD patients and its value for predicting CAL.
Methods: Serum samples were collected from KD patients before intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment and healthy controls (HC) in Xi’an Children’s Hospital from July 2023 to August 2024. KD Patients were stratified into CAL and non-CAL (nCAL) groups based on echocardiography. In the discovery cohort (8 KD-CAL patients, 7 KD-nCAL patients, and 4 HC), Sera were analyzed via four-dimensional data-independent acquisition (4D-DIA) quantitative proteomics. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified and analyzed for bioinformatics. In the validation cohort (35 KD-CAL patients, 61 KD-nCAL patients, and 30 HC), serum BST1 was validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to assess the performance of BST1 in predicting CAL.
Results: A total of 2575 proteins were identified by 4D-DIA proteomics, with 807 DEPs in nCAL vs HC and 883 DEPs in CAL vs HC. Compared to nCAL, 213 DEPs were identified in CAL patients, among which BST1 was significantly upregulated only in the CAL group. Functional analyses revealed enrichment in innate immune response, cell adhesion, RNA processing pathways, complement and coagulation cascades, extracellular exosomes, and cellular metabolism. ELISA confirmation showed elevated BST1 levels in CAL patients, which positively correlated with Z-scores. ROC analysis demonstrated high prognostic accuracy for CAL (AUC=0.9052).
Conclusion: Serum BST1 has the potential to be a predictive biomarker for CAL in KD patients.
Keywords: Kawasaki disease, CAL, KD-CAL, BST1, proteomics, 4D-DIA, ROC curve
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi’an Children’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Medical Technology, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Wei Chen, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China, Email chenweixjtu2014@126.com
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children, with coronary artery lesions (CAL) as its most severe complication. This observational study aimed to investigate the expression of bone marrow stromal cell antigen-1 (BST1) in KD patients and its value for predicting CAL.
Methods: Serum samples were collected from KD patients before intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment and healthy controls (HC) in Xi’an Children’s Hospital from July 2023 to August 2024. KD Patients were stratified into CAL and non-CAL (nCAL) groups based on echocardiography. In the discovery cohort (8 KD-CAL patients, 7 KD-nCAL patients, and 4 HC), Sera were analyzed via four-dimensional data-independent acquisition (4D-DIA) quantitative proteomics. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified and analyzed for bioinformatics. In the validation cohort (35 KD-CAL patients, 61 KD-nCAL patients, and 30 HC), serum BST1 was validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to assess the performance of BST1 in predicting CAL.
Results: A total of 2575 proteins were identified by 4D-DIA proteomics, with 807 DEPs in nCAL vs HC and 883 DEPs in CAL vs HC. Compared to nCAL, 213 DEPs were identified in CAL patients, among which BST1 was significantly upregulated only in the CAL group. Functional analyses revealed enrichment in innate immune response, cell adhesion, RNA processing pathways, complement and coagulation cascades, extracellular exosomes, and cellular metabolism. ELISA confirmation showed elevated BST1 levels in CAL patients, which positively correlated with Z-scores. ROC analysis demonstrated high prognostic accuracy for CAL (AUC=0.9052).
Conclusion: Serum BST1 has the potential to be a predictive biomarker for CAL in KD patients.
Keywords: Kawasaki disease, CAL, KD-CAL, BST1, proteomics, 4D-DIA, ROC curve