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已发表论文
中国苏州儿童多重致敏模式和年龄依赖性过敏原谱：一项组分解析横断面研究
Authors Xu Q , Zhao H, Dong Y, Lu M, Zhai Q, Cheng Z
Received 15 August 2025
Accepted for publication 9 January 2026
Published 27 January 2026 Volume 2026:19 556612
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JAA.S556612
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 4
Editor who approved publication: Dr Luis Garcia-Marcos
Qiuyan Xu,1,2,* Haowei Zhao,2,* Yongchao Dong,1,* Min Lu,1 Qin Zhai,1 Zhi Cheng1
1Department of Pediatrics, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Zhi Cheng, Department of Pediatrics, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou, 215153, People’s Republic of China, Email W188452baba@163.com Qin Zhai, Department of Pediatrics, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou, 215153, People’s Republic of China, Email zhaiqin001@163.com
Purpose: Allergic diseases are a major global public health issue with a rising pediatric prevalence. This study explored the allergen sensitization profiles, cross-reactivity, and polysensitization patterns among pediatric patients with allergic diseases in Suzhou, China, to inform precision prevention and treatment.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 510 children aged 1– 15 years suspected of having allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), and allergic asthma (AS). Serum-specific IgE (sIgE) was measured for 12 aeroallergens and 14 food allergens. Component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) was performed for house dust mite (HDM)/Dust mite allergens in 120 patients.
Results: Of the 510 children, 378 (74.12%) tested sIgE-positive. The mean age of the sIgE-positive patients was 7.03 ± 2.79 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.35:1. Among the sIgE-positive patients, 56.08% had AD, 87.83% had AR, and 29.37% had AS. Aeroallergen sensitization (90.48%) was significantly higher than food allergen sensitization (48.15%), with HDM being the most common aeroallergen (71.96%). CRD showed high positivity rates for Der p 1 and Der f 1 (both 95.83%) in 120 HDM/Dust mite-sensitized patients. Age significantly affected sensitization patterns: younger children had higher Egg and Cow’s milk sensitization rates, while aeroallergen (including HDM, Dust mite, and Cat dander) sensitization increased significantly with age. Most allergens showed no gender-related differences. Polysensitization was common, with 65.34% (247/378) of patients being sensitized to three or more allergens. Significant cross-reactivity was observed between certain aeroallergens and food allergens, such as a strong correlation between Der p 10 and Shellfish (ρ = 0.88) and moderate correlations between Ragweed and Sesame/Peanut (ρ = 0.53, 0.48, respectively).
Conclusion: In Suzhou, allergic children show high sIgE positivity and polysensitization rates. Allergen sensitization varies with age, highlighting the need for age-specific diagnostics and CRD for precision medicine. Extensive cross-reactivity exists between aeroallergens and food allergens.
Keywords: allergic diseases, children, cross-reactivity, component-resolved diagnosis, precision medicine, age-dependent
1Department of Pediatrics, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Zhi Cheng, Department of Pediatrics, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou, 215153, People’s Republic of China, Email W188452baba@163.com Qin Zhai, Department of Pediatrics, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 1 Lijiang Road, Suzhou, 215153, People’s Republic of China, Email zhaiqin001@163.com
Purpose: Allergic diseases are a major global public health issue with a rising pediatric prevalence. This study explored the allergen sensitization profiles, cross-reactivity, and polysensitization patterns among pediatric patients with allergic diseases in Suzhou, China, to inform precision prevention and treatment.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 510 children aged 1– 15 years suspected of having allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), and allergic asthma (AS). Serum-specific IgE (sIgE) was measured for 12 aeroallergens and 14 food allergens. Component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) was performed for house dust mite (HDM)/Dust mite allergens in 120 patients.
Results: Of the 510 children, 378 (74.12%) tested sIgE-positive. The mean age of the sIgE-positive patients was 7.03 ± 2.79 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.35:1. Among the sIgE-positive patients, 56.08% had AD, 87.83% had AR, and 29.37% had AS. Aeroallergen sensitization (90.48%) was significantly higher than food allergen sensitization (48.15%), with HDM being the most common aeroallergen (71.96%). CRD showed high positivity rates for Der p 1 and Der f 1 (both 95.83%) in 120 HDM/Dust mite-sensitized patients. Age significantly affected sensitization patterns: younger children had higher Egg and Cow’s milk sensitization rates, while aeroallergen (including HDM, Dust mite, and Cat dander) sensitization increased significantly with age. Most allergens showed no gender-related differences. Polysensitization was common, with 65.34% (247/378) of patients being sensitized to three or more allergens. Significant cross-reactivity was observed between certain aeroallergens and food allergens, such as a strong correlation between Der p 10 and Shellfish (ρ = 0.88) and moderate correlations between Ragweed and Sesame/Peanut (ρ = 0.53, 0.48, respectively).
Conclusion: In Suzhou, allergic children show high sIgE positivity and polysensitization rates. Allergen sensitization varies with age, highlighting the need for age-specific diagnostics and CRD for precision medicine. Extensive cross-reactivity exists between aeroallergens and food allergens.
Keywords: allergic diseases, children, cross-reactivity, component-resolved diagnosis, precision medicine, age-dependent