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已发表论文
金纳米颗粒在膀胱癌中的应用：从诊断工具到整合诊疗平台的范式转变
Authors Zhang X, Wu X, Du J, Mei J, Chen F, Lou K
Received 21 October 2025
Accepted for publication 16 January 2026
Published 20 January 2026 Volume 2026:21 575926
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S575926
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Professor Jie Huang
Xuwei Zhang,1 Xiaochui Wu,1 Jiancheng Du,2 Jianfeng Mei,3 Fei Chen,3 Kecheng Lou1
1Department of Urology, Lanxi People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Intensive Care Unit, Lanxi People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of General Surgery, Lanxi People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Kecheng Lou, Email 18329037615@163.com
Background: Bladder cancer, particularly non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), poses significant clinical challenges due to its high recurrence rate. Traditional diagnostic approaches such as cystoscopy and urine cytology have limitations, including invasiveness and insufficient sensitivity. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) offer unique opportunities to address these challenges with their surface plasmon resonance effect, biocompatibility, and ease of functionalization.
Methods: Through critical review of recent literature, this paper outlines the application principles, achievements, and mechanisms of AuNPs in bladder cancer, including in vitro diagnostics, multimodal molecular imaging, photothermal therapy, targeted drug delivery, radiotherapy sensitization, and tumor immune microenvironment remodeling.
Main Findings: AuNPs are driving a paradigm shift in bladder cancer management. In diagnostics, AuNP-based biosensors enable ultra-sensitive detection of urinary biomarkers. In imaging, they serve as effective contrast agents for enhanced visualization. For therapy, AuNP-mediated photothermal therapy enables precise tumor ablation, and as drug carriers, they help overcome chemoresistance. Additionally, AuNPs demonstrate potential in remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment through modulation of signaling pathways and tumor-associated macrophages.
Conclusion: Gold nanoparticles are transforming bladder cancer toward precision, minimally invasive, and personalized treatment models. However, it is important to acknowledge that most current findings remain in the preclinical stage, and significant translational barriers—particularly long-term biosafety and standardized production—must be addressed before widespread clinical adoption.
Keywords: gold nanoparticles, bladder cancer, non-invasive diagnosis, drug delivery, tumor microenvironment, nanomedicine
1Department of Urology, Lanxi People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Intensive Care Unit, Lanxi People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of General Surgery, Lanxi People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Kecheng Lou, Email 18329037615@163.com
Background: Bladder cancer, particularly non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), poses significant clinical challenges due to its high recurrence rate. Traditional diagnostic approaches such as cystoscopy and urine cytology have limitations, including invasiveness and insufficient sensitivity. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) offer unique opportunities to address these challenges with their surface plasmon resonance effect, biocompatibility, and ease of functionalization.
Methods: Through critical review of recent literature, this paper outlines the application principles, achievements, and mechanisms of AuNPs in bladder cancer, including in vitro diagnostics, multimodal molecular imaging, photothermal therapy, targeted drug delivery, radiotherapy sensitization, and tumor immune microenvironment remodeling.
Main Findings: AuNPs are driving a paradigm shift in bladder cancer management. In diagnostics, AuNP-based biosensors enable ultra-sensitive detection of urinary biomarkers. In imaging, they serve as effective contrast agents for enhanced visualization. For therapy, AuNP-mediated photothermal therapy enables precise tumor ablation, and as drug carriers, they help overcome chemoresistance. Additionally, AuNPs demonstrate potential in remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment through modulation of signaling pathways and tumor-associated macrophages.
Conclusion: Gold nanoparticles are transforming bladder cancer toward precision, minimally invasive, and personalized treatment models. However, it is important to acknowledge that most current findings remain in the preclinical stage, and significant translational barriers—particularly long-term biosafety and standardized production—must be addressed before widespread clinical adoption.
Keywords: gold nanoparticles, bladder cancer, non-invasive diagnosis, drug delivery, tumor microenvironment, nanomedicine