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已发表论文
体育教育在提升儿童和青少年体适能中的作用：一项文献计量学分析
Authors Wang X, Xu K, Xu Z, Yu X, Yan J
Received 7 July 2025
Accepted for publication 24 December 2025
Published 13 January 2026 Volume 2026:19 551609
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S551609
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
Editor who approved publication: Dr Pavani Rangachari
Xiaofei Wang,1 Ke Xu,2 Zehan Xu,3 Xiaomei Yu,4 Jin Yan5
1Sports Teaching and Research Department, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 2HBU-UCLan School of Media Communication and Creative Industries, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 3Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 4School of Physical Education, Beihua University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 5School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Xiaomei Yu, Email yxmbhunv@126.com
Introduction: Physical education (PE) is a key school-based strategy for improving physical fitness (PF) among children and adolescents. However, a systematic synthesis of the most influential literature linking PE to PF development remains limited. Understanding publishing patterns and research hotspots can inform future directions in PE- and PF-related scholarship.
Objective: To conduct a bibliometric analysis of the 50 most-cited articles examining the relationship between PE and PF in school-aged children and adolescents, and to identify major contributors, thematic clusters, and evidence gaps.
Methods: A comprehensive search was performed using the Web of Science Core Collection. The 50 most-cited articles meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Citation patterns, journal productivity, country contributions, co-authorship networks, and keyword co-occurrence were examined using Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer. Quantitative indicators—including total citations, citations per paper (CPP), and cluster mapping—were summarized.
Results: The included articles received 52– 687 citations. The United States produced the highest number of publications (n = 19; CPP = 100.3), followed by Australia and Spain (each n = 6). The most active journals were BMC Public Health (5 articles, 481 citations) and PLOS ONE (4 articles, 582 citations). Keyword analyses identified three major thematic clusters: (1) PE-based interventions, (2) health-related fitness components (aerobic capacity, muscular strength, body composition), and (3) cognitive and psychological outcomes linked to PE participation. Across studies, PE consistently improved multiple PF dimensions among children and adolescents.
Conclusion: High-impact evidence shows that well-designed school-based PE programs significantly enhance aerobic fitness, muscular strength, body composition, and overall health-related PF in youth—while also providing emerging cognitive and psychosocial benefits. However, research output remains heavily concentrated in high-income countries, indicating a need for more diverse and equitable global investigations. This bibliometric synthesis clarifies current research patterns and highlights opportunities for advancing evidence-based PE to support youth fitness development.
Keywords: adolescent, child, citation, physical fitness, VOSviewer, visualization
1Sports Teaching and Research Department, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 2HBU-UCLan School of Media Communication and Creative Industries, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 3Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 4School of Physical Education, Beihua University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China; 5School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Xiaomei Yu, Email yxmbhunv@126.com
Introduction: Physical education (PE) is a key school-based strategy for improving physical fitness (PF) among children and adolescents. However, a systematic synthesis of the most influential literature linking PE to PF development remains limited. Understanding publishing patterns and research hotspots can inform future directions in PE- and PF-related scholarship.
Objective: To conduct a bibliometric analysis of the 50 most-cited articles examining the relationship between PE and PF in school-aged children and adolescents, and to identify major contributors, thematic clusters, and evidence gaps.
Methods: A comprehensive search was performed using the Web of Science Core Collection. The 50 most-cited articles meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Citation patterns, journal productivity, country contributions, co-authorship networks, and keyword co-occurrence were examined using Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer. Quantitative indicators—including total citations, citations per paper (CPP), and cluster mapping—were summarized.
Results: The included articles received 52– 687 citations. The United States produced the highest number of publications (n = 19; CPP = 100.3), followed by Australia and Spain (each n = 6). The most active journals were BMC Public Health (5 articles, 481 citations) and PLOS ONE (4 articles, 582 citations). Keyword analyses identified three major thematic clusters: (1) PE-based interventions, (2) health-related fitness components (aerobic capacity, muscular strength, body composition), and (3) cognitive and psychological outcomes linked to PE participation. Across studies, PE consistently improved multiple PF dimensions among children and adolescents.
Conclusion: High-impact evidence shows that well-designed school-based PE programs significantly enhance aerobic fitness, muscular strength, body composition, and overall health-related PF in youth—while also providing emerging cognitive and psychosocial benefits. However, research output remains heavily concentrated in high-income countries, indicating a need for more diverse and equitable global investigations. This bibliometric synthesis clarifies current research patterns and highlights opportunities for advancing evidence-based PE to support youth fitness development.
Keywords: adolescent, child, citation, physical fitness, VOSviewer, visualization