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已发表论文
睡眠相关养育实践与学龄前儿童睡眠问题的关联：中国多省全国性调查
Authors Zhou J, Cheng T, Xu M, Zhang M, Wu Y, Huang M, Liu Y, Tan X, Zhang X, Wang S, Yang L, Peng Y, Zhang T, Guan H
Received 7 October 2025
Accepted for publication 23 December 2025
Published 14 January 2026 Volume 2026:18 570971
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S570971
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Marco Veneruso
Ji Zhou,1 Tong Cheng,1 Mengjie Xu,1 Mengnan Zhang,1 Yan Wu,2 Minyuan Huang,3 Yunfen Liu,4 Xia Tan,5 Xuejiao Zhang,6 Sumei Wang,7 Lin Yang,8 Yanmei Peng,9 Ting Zhang,10 Hongyan Guan1
1Research and Guidance Center for Infant Care Services, Capital Center for Children’s Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pediatrics, Yiwu Maternity and Children Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pediatrics, Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pediatrics, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Pediatrics, Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Pediatrics, ShenYang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Pediatrics, Maanshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maanshan, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 9Department of Pediatrics, Huairou District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 10Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Capital Center for Children’s Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Hongyan Guan, Research and Guidance Center for Infant Care Services, Capital Center for Children’s Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613501345686, Email hongyanguan@126.com
Purpose: Sleep is fundamental to the healthy development of preschool children, yet sleep problems are prevalent. Parenting practices are known to be one of the determinants of child sleep, but evidence of large-scale sample in China is limited. We aimed to investigate the association between specific sleep-related parenting practices and sleep problems in Chinese preschoolers.
Patients and Methods: The Chinese cohort of the SUNRISE study was conducted, involving 1316 children aged 3– 4 from 49 kindergartens, covering seven major administrative regions of China. Parents or primary caregivers completed a questionnaire which records children’s sociodemographic information and sleep-related parenting practices. Children’s sleep problems were evaluated using the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Linear mixed models were used to calculate the association between parenting practices and specific sleep problems, adjusting for potential covariates.
Results: Thirteen percent demonstrated sleep problems (total CSHQ score > 54). Girls had greater rate of daytime sleepiness, while the 3-year group had a greater rate of overall sleep problems. After adjusting for covariates, parents using electronic devices during the bedtime routine were associated with children’s short sleep duration on weekdays (β=− 0.314, CI − 0.505~– 0.123, P=0.02), bad sleep quality (β=− 0.34, CI – 0.557~0.124, P=0.029). Children sharing a room with others were associated with serious overall sleep problems (β=− 5.929, CI − 9.919~– 1.945, P=0.036). Children who share a bed with others were associated with serious overall sleep problems (β= − 5.914, CI − 9.697~– 2.134, P=0.026).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that sleep-related parenting practices, including parental screen exposure and co-room/bed sleep arrangements are significantly associated with sleep problems in Chinese preschoolers. These findings help parents to establish a healthy sleeping environment for their children.
Keywords: preschoolers, parenting practices, sleep quality, Chinese cohort
1Research and Guidance Center for Infant Care Services, Capital Center for Children’s Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pediatrics, Yiwu Maternity and Children Hospital, Yiwu, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pediatrics, Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pediatrics, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Pediatrics, Changsha Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Pediatrics, ShenYang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Pediatrics, Maanshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Maanshan, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 9Department of Pediatrics, Huairou District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 10Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Capital Center for Children’s Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Hongyan Guan, Research and Guidance Center for Infant Care Services, Capital Center for Children’s Health, Capital Medical University, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613501345686, Email hongyanguan@126.com
Purpose: Sleep is fundamental to the healthy development of preschool children, yet sleep problems are prevalent. Parenting practices are known to be one of the determinants of child sleep, but evidence of large-scale sample in China is limited. We aimed to investigate the association between specific sleep-related parenting practices and sleep problems in Chinese preschoolers.
Patients and Methods: The Chinese cohort of the SUNRISE study was conducted, involving 1316 children aged 3– 4 from 49 kindergartens, covering seven major administrative regions of China. Parents or primary caregivers completed a questionnaire which records children’s sociodemographic information and sleep-related parenting practices. Children’s sleep problems were evaluated using the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Linear mixed models were used to calculate the association between parenting practices and specific sleep problems, adjusting for potential covariates.
Results: Thirteen percent demonstrated sleep problems (total CSHQ score > 54). Girls had greater rate of daytime sleepiness, while the 3-year group had a greater rate of overall sleep problems. After adjusting for covariates, parents using electronic devices during the bedtime routine were associated with children’s short sleep duration on weekdays (β=− 0.314, CI − 0.505~– 0.123, P=0.02), bad sleep quality (β=− 0.34, CI – 0.557~0.124, P=0.029). Children sharing a room with others were associated with serious overall sleep problems (β=− 5.929, CI − 9.919~– 1.945, P=0.036). Children who share a bed with others were associated with serious overall sleep problems (β= − 5.914, CI − 9.697~– 2.134, P=0.026).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that sleep-related parenting practices, including parental screen exposure and co-room/bed sleep arrangements are significantly associated with sleep problems in Chinese preschoolers. These findings help parents to establish a healthy sleeping environment for their children.
Keywords: preschoolers, parenting practices, sleep quality, Chinese cohort