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已发表论文
间充质干细胞来源的外泌体：脊髓损伤的一种有前景的治疗策略
Authors Li X, Wang C, Du K, Wang J, Lin J, Yang C
Received 9 October 2025
Accepted for publication 12 December 2025
Published 28 December 2025 Volume 2025:20 Pages 15901—15920
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S573168
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Prof. Dr. RDK Misra
Xiaoying Li,1 Chenchen Wang,1 Kangchao Du,1 Jingran Wang,1 Juntang Lin,1– 3 Ciqing Yang1,2
1Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Collaborative Innovation Center of Stem Cell and Biotherapy, Henan Province, Henan Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Juntang Lin; Ciqing Yang, Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China, Email developmentlab@126.com; yangciqing@126.com
Abstract: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a central nervous system injury caused by external forces or pathological factors, and traumatic SCI is the most common. If not treated promptly, traumatic SCI can cause secondary injury and neuroinflammation, leading to the proliferation of glial cells and formation of glial scars. Clinically, SCI is usually treated with surgical intervention, pharmacological therapy, or rehabilitation. However, good outcomes cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, SCI repair remains a central focus in neurotraumatic injury research. With an in-depth study of stem cells in nerve injury repair, stem cells and exosomes secreted by them have brought new hope for SCI treatment. Exosomes secreted by stem cells are small nano-sized vesicles, approximately 30– 150 nm in diameter, that contain lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. They can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) through the blood system, and the proteins or nucleic acid molecules they carry promote nerve repair. Existing studies have demonstrated that exosomes exert therapeutic effects on SCI through multiple mechanisms: miRNA-mediated modulation of inflammatory responses, promotion of axonal regeneration and angiogenesis, inhibition of glial scar formation and apoptosis, as well as regulation of target cell gene expression via signal transduction pathways mediated by their carried signaling molecules. Although exosome research has yielded promising results in animal models of SCI, significant challenges remain in their clinical translation. Future research should focus on optimizing exosome production, improving purity, elucidating their precise mechanisms of action, and advancing their clinical translational applications.
Keywords: spinal cord injury, mesenchymal stem cell, exosomes, therapeutic strategy
1Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Collaborative Innovation Center of Stem Cell and Biotherapy, Henan Province, Henan Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Juntang Lin; Ciqing Yang, Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, People’s Republic of China, Email developmentlab@126.com; yangciqing@126.com
Abstract: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a central nervous system injury caused by external forces or pathological factors, and traumatic SCI is the most common. If not treated promptly, traumatic SCI can cause secondary injury and neuroinflammation, leading to the proliferation of glial cells and formation of glial scars. Clinically, SCI is usually treated with surgical intervention, pharmacological therapy, or rehabilitation. However, good outcomes cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, SCI repair remains a central focus in neurotraumatic injury research. With an in-depth study of stem cells in nerve injury repair, stem cells and exosomes secreted by them have brought new hope for SCI treatment. Exosomes secreted by stem cells are small nano-sized vesicles, approximately 30– 150 nm in diameter, that contain lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. They can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) through the blood system, and the proteins or nucleic acid molecules they carry promote nerve repair. Existing studies have demonstrated that exosomes exert therapeutic effects on SCI through multiple mechanisms: miRNA-mediated modulation of inflammatory responses, promotion of axonal regeneration and angiogenesis, inhibition of glial scar formation and apoptosis, as well as regulation of target cell gene expression via signal transduction pathways mediated by their carried signaling molecules. Although exosome research has yielded promising results in animal models of SCI, significant challenges remain in their clinical translation. Future research should focus on optimizing exosome production, improving purity, elucidating their precise mechanisms of action, and advancing their clinical translational applications.
Keywords: spinal cord injury, mesenchymal stem cell, exosomes, therapeutic strategy