已发表论文

2021 年全球疾病负担研究中异位妊娠全球负担的前沿与不平等分析:新见解

 

Authors Cao X, Yu Z, Wu S

Received 10 September 2025

Accepted for publication 25 December 2025

Published 31 December 2025 Volume 2025:17 Pages 5807—5823

DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S566659

Checked for plagiarism Yes

Review by Single anonymous peer review

Peer reviewer comments 3

Editor who approved publication: Dr Vinay Kumar

Xiaowei Cao, Zhuying Yu, Shengsheng Wu

Department of Gynecology, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, 514031, People’s Republic of China

Correspondence: Shengsheng Wu, Email 477703875@qq.com

Objective: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a significant global health concern and is associated with maternal mortality and compromised future fertility. This research aims to refine the assessment of EP’s global impact and its associated inequalities.
Methods: EP’s incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were analyzed using the data from the Global Burden of Disease study from 1990 to 2021. Decomposition analysis was performed to examine the roles of ageing, population growth, and epidemiological changes. Novel frontier and health inequality analyses (Slope Index of Inequality, Concentration Index) were conducted to evaluate socio-demographic disparities.
Results: From 1990 to 2021, the global age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) decreased from 305.9 to 212.87 per 100,000. However, absolute DALYs increased from 288,083 to 396,856, with the highest burden shifting to the 20– 24 age group. Health inequality analysis revealed a significant but narrowing absolute disparity (SII: − 56.68 to − 36.56), while frontier analysis identified sub-Saharan African nations with the largest unmet potential for health improvement. Decomposition showed that population growth and epidemiological changes were primary drivers of rising DALYs.
Conclusion: Declining EP incidence masks increasing absolute burden and persistent severe inequities. Our findings underscore an urgent public health imperative: to implement equity-focused interventions that enhance early diagnosis, safe management, and the preservation of fertility, particularly in low-resource settings.
Plain Language Summary: EP has posed a considerable health challenge, especially in areas defined by low- and middle-income status. This study analyzes the GBD data from 1990 to 2021 to provide updated estimates related to the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs associated with EP. Our comprehensive examination indicated a reduction in the occurrence of EP; however, there is an accompanying increase in the overall mortality and years lived with disability, underscoring persistent challenges in this domain. This work reveals significant health disparities across different regions globally and highlights the necessity for enhancing reproductive health services and implementing targeted interventions to improve outcomes for women impacted by EP worldwide.

Keywords: disability-adjusted life years, ectopic pregnancy, global burden of disease, health inequality