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已发表论文
小细胞外囊泡：揭示其在卵巢癌进展中的作用并挖掘临床应用潜力
Authors Zhou Y, Ding D, Liu F, Han F
Received 24 September 2025
Accepted for publication 16 December 2025
Published 31 December 2025 Volume 2025:20 Pages 15997—16025
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S570068
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 4
Editor who approved publication: Prof. Dr. RDK Misra
Yuan Zhou,1 Danni Ding,2 Fangyuan Liu,2 Fengjuan Han2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Fengjuan Han, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People’s Republic of China, Email hanfengjuan2004@163.com
Abstract: Among gynecologic malignancies, ovarian cancer (OC) stands out as a highly aggressive disease with the highest mortality rate and the poorest prognosis. At the beginning stage, it demonstrates high sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy. Nevertheless, most patients will encounter recurrence following the initial surgery and chemotherapy. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), characterized by a “cup-shaped” morphology and with a diameter of 40 to 160 nm, encompass diverse biologically active substances including nucleic acids (such as DNA, mRNA, microRNA (miRNA), and other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)), as well as oncogenic proteins, lipids, and metabolites, which play a crucial role as mediators of intercellular communication. Increasing evidence shows that sEVs promote various cancers’ progression (including OC) via transporting molecular cargoes to target cells or organs. It is worth mentioning that existing literature often focuses on sEVs from a single cell type and lacks a comprehensive review of multiple cell sources. In this review, we summarize the biological functions of sEVs derived from different cell types in OC, including regulating cell proliferation, promoting metastasis, mediating drug resistance, inducing angiogenesis, facilitating immune escape, and maintaining stemness. Meanwhile, we focus on exploring the clinical value of sEVs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of OC, as well as their application potential in translational medicine fields related to cancer vaccine development, targeted drug delivery, and precision tumor-targeted therapy. Additionally, we analyze the major challenges currently faced in sEV-based OC treatment research and propose potential strategies to overcome these limitations.
Keywords: small extracellular vesicles, ovarian cancer, biological functions, biomarker, therapeutic research
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Fengjuan Han, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People’s Republic of China, Email hanfengjuan2004@163.com
Abstract: Among gynecologic malignancies, ovarian cancer (OC) stands out as a highly aggressive disease with the highest mortality rate and the poorest prognosis. At the beginning stage, it demonstrates high sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy. Nevertheless, most patients will encounter recurrence following the initial surgery and chemotherapy. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), characterized by a “cup-shaped” morphology and with a diameter of 40 to 160 nm, encompass diverse biologically active substances including nucleic acids (such as DNA, mRNA, microRNA (miRNA), and other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)), as well as oncogenic proteins, lipids, and metabolites, which play a crucial role as mediators of intercellular communication. Increasing evidence shows that sEVs promote various cancers’ progression (including OC) via transporting molecular cargoes to target cells or organs. It is worth mentioning that existing literature often focuses on sEVs from a single cell type and lacks a comprehensive review of multiple cell sources. In this review, we summarize the biological functions of sEVs derived from different cell types in OC, including regulating cell proliferation, promoting metastasis, mediating drug resistance, inducing angiogenesis, facilitating immune escape, and maintaining stemness. Meanwhile, we focus on exploring the clinical value of sEVs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of OC, as well as their application potential in translational medicine fields related to cancer vaccine development, targeted drug delivery, and precision tumor-targeted therapy. Additionally, we analyze the major challenges currently faced in sEV-based OC treatment research and propose potential strategies to overcome these limitations.
Keywords: small extracellular vesicles, ovarian cancer, biological functions, biomarker, therapeutic research