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已发表论文
微纳机器人在伤口愈合中的应用：从概念到临床转化的桥梁
Authors Liu Y, Wang K, Gao F, Xu Z, Zhao X, Bai X, Li Z, Wan G, Yang J, Wang Y
Received 29 July 2025
Accepted for publication 11 December 2025
Published 19 December 2025 Volume 2025:20 Pages 15343—15362
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S557042
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 4
Editor who approved publication: Dr Kamakhya Misra
Yukun Liu,1,* Kang Wang,1,* Fangli Gao,2 Zhikai Xu,3– 6 Xuan Zhao,3– 6 Xiangjun Bai,3– 6 Zhanfei Li,3– 6 Guoyun Wan,7 Jian Yang,8 Yuchang Wang3– 6
1Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, People’s Republic of China; 3Division of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical Care, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 4Sino-German Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 6Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 7School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, People’s Republic of China; 8Emergency Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Jian Yang, Email 125210525@qq.com Yuchang Wang, Email tjwangyuchang@163.com
Abstract: Chronic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, and pressure sores, pose a significant clinical challenge due to ongoing inflammation, biofilm development, and impaired tissue regeneration. Standard wound care methods often fail to address these complex barriers, highlighting the need for innovative solutions. Nanorobotics has emerged as a groundbreaking platform, enabling programmable, multifunctional systems capable of active navigation, biofilm penetration, modulation of the microenvironment, and targeted therapeutic delivery. This review systematically covers the design principles and functional components of micro-/nanorobots, including propulsion techniques, sensing and actuation mechanisms, and biomimetic surface modifications. We also examine their therapeutic potential in wound healing, focusing on drug delivery optimization, biofilm disruption, reduction of oxidative stress, immune regulation, and tissue regeneration support. The integration of nanorobotics with intelligent wound care systems offers real-time monitoring and closed-loop interventions, initiating a new era of “smart wound management.” Finally, we address translational challenges such as biosafety, large-scale manufacturing, and regulatory pathways, and provide perspectives on future advancements toward clinically practical, intelligent nanorobotic wound therapies.
Keywords: micro/nanorobots, nanorobots, chronic wounds, wound, drug delivery, nano
1Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, People’s Republic of China; 3Division of Trauma Surgery, Emergency Surgery & Surgical Critical Care, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 4Sino-German Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 6Trauma Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 7School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, People’s Republic of China; 8Emergency Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Jian Yang, Email 125210525@qq.com Yuchang Wang, Email tjwangyuchang@163.com
Abstract: Chronic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, and pressure sores, pose a significant clinical challenge due to ongoing inflammation, biofilm development, and impaired tissue regeneration. Standard wound care methods often fail to address these complex barriers, highlighting the need for innovative solutions. Nanorobotics has emerged as a groundbreaking platform, enabling programmable, multifunctional systems capable of active navigation, biofilm penetration, modulation of the microenvironment, and targeted therapeutic delivery. This review systematically covers the design principles and functional components of micro-/nanorobots, including propulsion techniques, sensing and actuation mechanisms, and biomimetic surface modifications. We also examine their therapeutic potential in wound healing, focusing on drug delivery optimization, biofilm disruption, reduction of oxidative stress, immune regulation, and tissue regeneration support. The integration of nanorobotics with intelligent wound care systems offers real-time monitoring and closed-loop interventions, initiating a new era of “smart wound management.” Finally, we address translational challenges such as biosafety, large-scale manufacturing, and regulatory pathways, and provide perspectives on future advancements toward clinically practical, intelligent nanorobotic wound therapies.
Keywords: micro/nanorobots, nanorobots, chronic wounds, wound, drug delivery, nano