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已发表论文
腹腔镜胆囊切除术后非药物镇痛干预措施的有效性：一项系统评价和网络荟萃分析
Authors Lei T, Peng Y, Liu Y, Xie Y, Wang J
Received 8 September 2025
Accepted for publication 9 December 2025
Published 20 December 2025 Volume 2025:18 Pages 6933—6946
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S566145
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 5
Editor who approved publication: Dr Houman Danesh
Ting Lei,1 Yanqiong Peng,2 Yuanjun Liu,1 Yaping Xie,3 Junjie Wang1
1Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Nursing Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Yanqiong Peng, Department of Nursing, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China, Email pengyanqiong8@163.com Ting Lei, Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China, Email leiting202211@163.com
Background: Although non-pharmacological interventions are widely utilized for postoperative pain management, their comparative effectiveness remains unclear. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effects of various non-pharmacological interventions on postoperative pain and anxiety after LC, and to identify the optimal intervention through ranking analysis.
Methods: A literature search was executed to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated non-pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). This search encompassed the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, with the coverage spanning from the inception of each database to January 2025. Two independent reviewers performed literature search, study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool was employed for bias assessment. A Bayesian NMA was conducted, with surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values used to rank intervention effectiveness.
Results: The review identified 15 types of non-pharmacological interventions. The most common among these were acupressure (n=5), massage (n=4), and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS, n=2). The NMA demonstrated that ear acupressure, aromatherapy, and foot baths ranked as the top three interventions for alleviating postoperative pain after LC. Compared with standard care, all three interventions significantly improved pain scores: ear acupressure (standardized mean difference [SMD] = − 3.61, 95% credible interval [CrI] − 5.71 to − 1.50), essential oil therapy (SMD = − 2.59, 95% CrI − 4.93 to − 0.27), and foot baths (SMD = − 2.42, 95% CrI − 4.67 to − 0.19). SUCRA rankings revealed ear acupressure (93.93%) as the most effective intervention, followed by essential oil therapy (80.97%) and foot baths (78.46%). None of the evaluated non-pharmacological interventions demonstrated statistically significant effects on anxiety reduction.
Conclusion: Multiple non-pharmacological interventions can effectively alleviate postoperative pain after LC. However, none of the evaluated interventions produced statistically significant reductions in postoperative anxiety.
Keywords: LC, network meta-analysis, analgesia, non-pharmacological interventions, pain management
1Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Nursing Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Yanqiong Peng, Department of Nursing, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China, Email pengyanqiong8@163.com Ting Lei, Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China, Email leiting202211@163.com
Background: Although non-pharmacological interventions are widely utilized for postoperative pain management, their comparative effectiveness remains unclear. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effects of various non-pharmacological interventions on postoperative pain and anxiety after LC, and to identify the optimal intervention through ranking analysis.
Methods: A literature search was executed to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated non-pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). This search encompassed the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, with the coverage spanning from the inception of each database to January 2025. Two independent reviewers performed literature search, study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool was employed for bias assessment. A Bayesian NMA was conducted, with surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values used to rank intervention effectiveness.
Results: The review identified 15 types of non-pharmacological interventions. The most common among these were acupressure (n=5), massage (n=4), and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS, n=2). The NMA demonstrated that ear acupressure, aromatherapy, and foot baths ranked as the top three interventions for alleviating postoperative pain after LC. Compared with standard care, all three interventions significantly improved pain scores: ear acupressure (standardized mean difference [SMD] = − 3.61, 95% credible interval [CrI] − 5.71 to − 1.50), essential oil therapy (SMD = − 2.59, 95% CrI − 4.93 to − 0.27), and foot baths (SMD = − 2.42, 95% CrI − 4.67 to − 0.19). SUCRA rankings revealed ear acupressure (93.93%) as the most effective intervention, followed by essential oil therapy (80.97%) and foot baths (78.46%). None of the evaluated non-pharmacological interventions demonstrated statistically significant effects on anxiety reduction.
Conclusion: Multiple non-pharmacological interventions can effectively alleviate postoperative pain after LC. However, none of the evaluated interventions produced statistically significant reductions in postoperative anxiety.
Keywords: LC, network meta-analysis, analgesia, non-pharmacological interventions, pain management