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已发表论文
基于生物心理社会模型的心力衰竭患者营养不良影响因素的范围综述
Authors Liu M, Chen H, Zhang F, Liu S, Sun X, Xu Y, Wu R, Chen L, Xiong X
Received 13 September 2025
Accepted for publication 7 December 2025
Published 26 December 2025 Volume 2025:18 Pages 4011—4026
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S567410
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Gulsum Kaya
Mengdie Liu,1,2 Hua Chen,2 Fengpei Zhang,3 Si Liu,2 Xinglan Sun,1 Yanjuan Xu,1 Rui Wu,2 Lu Chen,2 Xiaoyun Xiong1
1Department of Nursing, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Nursing, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Xiaoyun Xiong, Department of Nursing, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China, Email xxy6692@163.com
Background: Heart failure is characterized by high rates of hospitalization, substantial medical expenses and increased mortality, posing a serious threat to human health. Malnutrition is a common complication among patients with heart failure and is associated with increased risks of infection, rehospitalization and mortality, resulting in a considerable disease burden and financial strain on both patients and their families. Identifying patient-related influencing factors is the primary prerequisite for recognizing the risk of malnutrition.
Objective: This scoping review aims to systematically summarize the factors influencing malnutrition in patients with heart failure, based on evidence from both domestic and international studies.
Methods: Studies on malnutrition in heart failure were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI and Wanfang, from database inception to 25 May 2025. Two researchers independently screened titles and abstracts and extracted data according to predefined criteria. Findings were categorized and reported descriptively.
Results: A total of 30 studies were included. The reported prevalence of malnutrition in heart failure varied by assessment tool. Based on the biopsychosocial model, nine categories of influencing factors were identified: demographic characteristics, disease characteristics, clinical physiological indicators, pharmacological treatment, emotional status, cognitive function, behavior, support system and living environment.
Conclusion: This scoping review provides the first comprehensive summary of malnutrition-related factors in patients with heart failure through the biopsychosocial model. The findings indicate that malnutrition in patients with heart failure is affected by both subjective and objective factors and is closely associated with disease progression. A comprehensive understanding of the influencing factors of malnutrition contributes to the development of more precise nutritional risk assessment tools and lays the foundation for a continuous management pathway of screening, assessment, intervention, and monitoring to facilitate early risk identification.
Keywords: nutritional risk, psychosocial determinants, risk assessment, chronic disease management, evidence synthesis
1Department of Nursing, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Nursing, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Xiaoyun Xiong, Department of Nursing, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China, Email xxy6692@163.com
Background: Heart failure is characterized by high rates of hospitalization, substantial medical expenses and increased mortality, posing a serious threat to human health. Malnutrition is a common complication among patients with heart failure and is associated with increased risks of infection, rehospitalization and mortality, resulting in a considerable disease burden and financial strain on both patients and their families. Identifying patient-related influencing factors is the primary prerequisite for recognizing the risk of malnutrition.
Objective: This scoping review aims to systematically summarize the factors influencing malnutrition in patients with heart failure, based on evidence from both domestic and international studies.
Methods: Studies on malnutrition in heart failure were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI and Wanfang, from database inception to 25 May 2025. Two researchers independently screened titles and abstracts and extracted data according to predefined criteria. Findings were categorized and reported descriptively.
Results: A total of 30 studies were included. The reported prevalence of malnutrition in heart failure varied by assessment tool. Based on the biopsychosocial model, nine categories of influencing factors were identified: demographic characteristics, disease characteristics, clinical physiological indicators, pharmacological treatment, emotional status, cognitive function, behavior, support system and living environment.
Conclusion: This scoping review provides the first comprehensive summary of malnutrition-related factors in patients with heart failure through the biopsychosocial model. The findings indicate that malnutrition in patients with heart failure is affected by both subjective and objective factors and is closely associated with disease progression. A comprehensive understanding of the influencing factors of malnutrition contributes to the development of more precise nutritional risk assessment tools and lays the foundation for a continuous management pathway of screening, assessment, intervention, and monitoring to facilitate early risk identification.
Keywords: nutritional risk, psychosocial determinants, risk assessment, chronic disease management, evidence synthesis