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已发表论文
经导管动脉化疗栓塞联合肝动脉灌注化疗加靶向治疗和免疫治疗用于合并肿瘤血栓和动静脉瘘的肝细胞癌
Authors Liu X , Yin L, Liu B, Hou X, Li Y, Liu R
Received 21 October 2025
Accepted for publication 19 December 2025
Published 24 December 2025 Volume 2025:12 Pages 2951—2969
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JHC.S567414
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
Editor who approved publication: Prof. Dr. Imam Waked
Xuesong Liu,* Linan Yin,* Bowen Liu, Xunbo Hou, Yingchen Li, Ruibao Liu
Department of Interventional Therapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Ruibao Liu, Email Liu_ruibao@sina.com
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combined therapy (transcatheter arterial chemoembolization [TACE] with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy [HAIC] combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors [TKIs] and PD-1 inhibitors) versus TACE alone in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with concurrent portal/hepatic vein tumor thrombus (PVTT/HVTT) and arteriovenous fistula (AVF).
Materials and Methods: This single-center retrospective study analyzed 301 HCC patients with PVTT/HVTT and AVF who received either combined therapy (n=177) or TACE monotherapy (n=124). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to minimize confounding bias, yielding an average of 109 patients per group. Key outcomes compared included tumor thrombus regression rate, AVF closure rate, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), median overall survival (mOS), median progression-free survival (mPFS), and adverse events (AE).
Results: After PSM, the AVF complete closure rate of the combination therapy group was significantly higher than the TACE group (63.3% vs 27.5%, p < 0.001). According to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria for tumor thrombus response, the combination therapy group showed higher ORR (47.7% vs 7.3%, p < 0.001) and DCR (73.4% vs 50.5%, p < 0.001) than the TACE group. The combined therapy provided longer mOS (16.70 vs 10.40 months, p < 0.0001) and mPFS (14.23 vs 8.21 months, p < 0.0001) than TACE. The incidences of grade 3/4 AE were similar in both groups, respectively, 37.6% and 33.9%, p = 0.57.
Conclusion: Compared with TACE monotherapy, the combined therapy is a promising option with acceptable safety for HCC patients with PVTT/HVTT and AVF.
Keywords: combined therapy, hepatocellular carcinoma, portal vein tumor thrombus, hepatic arteriovenous fistula, hepatic vein tumor thrombus
Department of Interventional Therapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Ruibao Liu, Email Liu_ruibao@sina.com
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combined therapy (transcatheter arterial chemoembolization [TACE] with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy [HAIC] combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors [TKIs] and PD-1 inhibitors) versus TACE alone in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with concurrent portal/hepatic vein tumor thrombus (PVTT/HVTT) and arteriovenous fistula (AVF).
Materials and Methods: This single-center retrospective study analyzed 301 HCC patients with PVTT/HVTT and AVF who received either combined therapy (n=177) or TACE monotherapy (n=124). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to minimize confounding bias, yielding an average of 109 patients per group. Key outcomes compared included tumor thrombus regression rate, AVF closure rate, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), median overall survival (mOS), median progression-free survival (mPFS), and adverse events (AE).
Results: After PSM, the AVF complete closure rate of the combination therapy group was significantly higher than the TACE group (63.3% vs 27.5%, p < 0.001). According to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria for tumor thrombus response, the combination therapy group showed higher ORR (47.7% vs 7.3%, p < 0.001) and DCR (73.4% vs 50.5%, p < 0.001) than the TACE group. The combined therapy provided longer mOS (16.70 vs 10.40 months, p < 0.0001) and mPFS (14.23 vs 8.21 months, p < 0.0001) than TACE. The incidences of grade 3/4 AE were similar in both groups, respectively, 37.6% and 33.9%, p = 0.57.
Conclusion: Compared with TACE monotherapy, the combined therapy is a promising option with acceptable safety for HCC patients with PVTT/HVTT and AVF.
Keywords: combined therapy, hepatocellular carcinoma, portal vein tumor thrombus, hepatic arteriovenous fistula, hepatic vein tumor thrombus