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已发表论文
基于病理生理学和信号通路探讨天然产物在过敏性鼻炎中的治疗作用
Received 30 June 2025
Accepted for publication 22 October 2025
Published 7 November 2025 Volume 2025:18 Pages 1551—1584
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JAA.S550615
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
Editor who approved publication: Dr Luis Garcia-Marcos
Boyang Dong,1 Liangzhen Xie,2 Yan Li2
1Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 2Ear-Nose-Throat Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Yan Li, Ear-Nose-Throat Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of China, Email liyan888111@163.com
Abstract: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory allergic disease, characterized by paroxysmal nasal congestion, itching, sneezing, and rhinorrhea, which affects mental health in severe cases. Western medical treatments primarily rely on glucocorticoids and antihistamines, which, while providing symptomatic relief, are associated with varying degrees of side effects and fail to ensure long-term efficacy. The pathogenesis of AR is intricately related to immune system dysregulation, and the treatment of AR has not yet been fully clarified. Natural products, having co-evolved with humans over millennia, boast structural diversity and rich biological activity, and they can precisely interact with intracellular targets such as enzymes, receptors, and ion channels, positioning them as a vital resource for therapeutic interventions. Notably, validated natural products often contain multiple active constituents, which confer broader therapeutic effects compared to single-component compounds. These constituents also exhibit lower acute toxicity than synthetic drugs, ensuring superior long-term. The synergistic interactions among their components endow them with dual potential for both prevention and treatment. Natural products modulate AR pathogenesis through various signaling pathways, addressing key etiological factors such as immune dysregulation, inflammatory responses, as well as oxidative stress. These developments will drive research and application of natural products in AR management, unlocking their untapped potential. This review systematically examines the mechanisms by which natural products regulate AR pathogenesis through signaling pathways, drawing on both animal studies and laboratory research, though clinical data are still relatively limited. By elucidating their specific mechanisms of action, this work not only provides novel insights for developing effective, long-term AR management drugs but also offers scientific guidance for experimental research and clinical application in AR therapeutics.
Keywords: allergic rhinitis, natural products, pathogenesis, signaling pathways, therapeutic mechanism
1Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 2Ear-Nose-Throat Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Yan Li, Ear-Nose-Throat Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of China, Email liyan888111@163.com
Abstract: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory allergic disease, characterized by paroxysmal nasal congestion, itching, sneezing, and rhinorrhea, which affects mental health in severe cases. Western medical treatments primarily rely on glucocorticoids and antihistamines, which, while providing symptomatic relief, are associated with varying degrees of side effects and fail to ensure long-term efficacy. The pathogenesis of AR is intricately related to immune system dysregulation, and the treatment of AR has not yet been fully clarified. Natural products, having co-evolved with humans over millennia, boast structural diversity and rich biological activity, and they can precisely interact with intracellular targets such as enzymes, receptors, and ion channels, positioning them as a vital resource for therapeutic interventions. Notably, validated natural products often contain multiple active constituents, which confer broader therapeutic effects compared to single-component compounds. These constituents also exhibit lower acute toxicity than synthetic drugs, ensuring superior long-term. The synergistic interactions among their components endow them with dual potential for both prevention and treatment. Natural products modulate AR pathogenesis through various signaling pathways, addressing key etiological factors such as immune dysregulation, inflammatory responses, as well as oxidative stress. These developments will drive research and application of natural products in AR management, unlocking their untapped potential. This review systematically examines the mechanisms by which natural products regulate AR pathogenesis through signaling pathways, drawing on both animal studies and laboratory research, though clinical data are still relatively limited. By elucidating their specific mechanisms of action, this work not only provides novel insights for developing effective, long-term AR management drugs but also offers scientific guidance for experimental research and clinical application in AR therapeutics.
Keywords: allergic rhinitis, natural products, pathogenesis, signaling pathways, therapeutic mechanism