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已发表论文
探索非病毒纳米载体改善血脑屏障通透性的潜力以增强脑部疾病的治疗
Authors Yu Z , Sun Z, Yuan L, Wang C, Li W, Liu J, Zhao Q, Sun Y , Sun C
Received 9 June 2025
Accepted for publication 30 September 2025
Published 15 October 2025 Volume 2025:20 Pages 12593—12625
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S545696
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Kamakhya Misra
Zijie Yu,1,* Zhihong Sun,1,2,* Lu Yuan,1 Cuicui Wang,1 Wei Li,2 Jie Liu,2 Qi Zhao,2 Yong Sun,1 Chengming Sun1,2
1Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Yong Sun, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, Email sunyong@qdu.edu.cn Chengming Sun, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, Email chengmingsun012@163.com
Abstract: Brain diseases have become an important health problem worldwide, especially in the aging population, and their incidence and prevalence continue to increase. Despite remarkable progress in medical technology, the treatment of brain diseases still faces many challenges, especially limitations caused by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which significantly hinders the delivery of therapeutic drugs to the brain. In recent years, non-viral nanocarriers developed by nanotechnology have shown great potential for crossing the BBB, and have attracted much attention due to their low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility and good targeting. In this paper, we review the basic structure of the BBB, properties of nonviral vectors, and the mechanisms of crossing BBB. Moreover, this review summarizes the main types of non-viral vectors—liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, biomimetic materials, and inorganic nanomaterials—while addressing the main translational barriers, including low BBB permeability, poor systemic stability, nonspecific peripheral accumulation, manufacturing challenges, and limited clinical validation, and suggests future research directions.
Keywords: brain diseases, blood-brain barrier, non-viral nanocarriers, brain drug delivery
1Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
*These authors contributed equally to this work
Correspondence: Yong Sun, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, Email sunyong@qdu.edu.cn Chengming Sun, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, Email chengmingsun012@163.com
Abstract: Brain diseases have become an important health problem worldwide, especially in the aging population, and their incidence and prevalence continue to increase. Despite remarkable progress in medical technology, the treatment of brain diseases still faces many challenges, especially limitations caused by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which significantly hinders the delivery of therapeutic drugs to the brain. In recent years, non-viral nanocarriers developed by nanotechnology have shown great potential for crossing the BBB, and have attracted much attention due to their low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility and good targeting. In this paper, we review the basic structure of the BBB, properties of nonviral vectors, and the mechanisms of crossing BBB. Moreover, this review summarizes the main types of non-viral vectors—liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, biomimetic materials, and inorganic nanomaterials—while addressing the main translational barriers, including low BBB permeability, poor systemic stability, nonspecific peripheral accumulation, manufacturing challenges, and limited clinical validation, and suggests future research directions.
Keywords: brain diseases, blood-brain barrier, non-viral nanocarriers, brain drug delivery