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已发表论文
电针治疗膝骨关节炎的研究进展：机制、疗效及未来方向
Received 28 May 2025
Accepted for publication 23 September 2025
Published 30 September 2025 Volume 2025:18 Pages 5083—5108
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S543346
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 2
Editor who approved publication: Dr Houman Danesh
Xiaohong Wu,1 Sikang Li,1 Mengmeng Wu2
1Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Wuhu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 2Geriatric Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Mengmeng Wu, Geriatric Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China, Email TCMWU1212@163.com
Abstract: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease marked by progressive cartilage loss, subchondral bone remodeling, and synovial inflammation, resulting in persistent pain, functional disability, and diminished quality of life. Electroacupuncture (EA), a modality combining traditional acupuncture with electrical stimulation, has gained attention as a non-pharmacological intervention for KOA. Growing evidence suggests that EA not only reduces pain and enhances joint mobility but also modulates diverse biological processes—such as neuroendocrine signaling, inflammatory cascades, cartilage metabolism, and local hemodynamics. Mechanistically, EA acts through multi-target mechanisms, including suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators, promotion of anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective factors, and regulation of critical signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK, and Wnt/β-catenin. Additionally, EA engages central and peripheral neuromodulatory systems involving opioid, serotonergic, and cannabinoid receptors, underpinning its analgesic properties. Despite encouraging outcomes, current support derives predominantly from small-scale clinical trials with short follow-up periods, underscoring the necessity for large-scale, randomized controlled studies with rigorous designs to establish standardized protocols and validate long-term benefits. This review synthesizes contemporary understanding of EA’s mechanisms and efficacy in KOA management, addressing ongoing challenges and outlining future directions for refining EA-based strategies within integrated treatment frameworks.
Keywords: knee osteoarthritis, electroacupuncture, analgesia, inflammation, cartilage repair, biological mechanisms
1Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Wuhu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China; 2Geriatric Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Mengmeng Wu, Geriatric Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China, Email TCMWU1212@163.com
Abstract: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease marked by progressive cartilage loss, subchondral bone remodeling, and synovial inflammation, resulting in persistent pain, functional disability, and diminished quality of life. Electroacupuncture (EA), a modality combining traditional acupuncture with electrical stimulation, has gained attention as a non-pharmacological intervention for KOA. Growing evidence suggests that EA not only reduces pain and enhances joint mobility but also modulates diverse biological processes—such as neuroendocrine signaling, inflammatory cascades, cartilage metabolism, and local hemodynamics. Mechanistically, EA acts through multi-target mechanisms, including suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators, promotion of anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective factors, and regulation of critical signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK, and Wnt/β-catenin. Additionally, EA engages central and peripheral neuromodulatory systems involving opioid, serotonergic, and cannabinoid receptors, underpinning its analgesic properties. Despite encouraging outcomes, current support derives predominantly from small-scale clinical trials with short follow-up periods, underscoring the necessity for large-scale, randomized controlled studies with rigorous designs to establish standardized protocols and validate long-term benefits. This review synthesizes contemporary understanding of EA’s mechanisms and efficacy in KOA management, addressing ongoing challenges and outlining future directions for refining EA-based strategies within integrated treatment frameworks.
Keywords: knee osteoarthritis, electroacupuncture, analgesia, inflammation, cartilage repair, biological mechanisms