已发表论文

慢性耳鸣、焦虑及睡眠障碍的病理生理学见解与多模式干预措施

 

Authors Jiang C, Ding Z, Zan T, Liao W, Li H, Yang X, Huang S

Received 18 June 2025

Accepted for publication 22 August 2025

Published 22 September 2025 Volume 2025:17 Pages 2257—2273

DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S548093

Checked for plagiarism Yes

Review by Single anonymous peer review

Peer reviewer comments 2

Editor who approved publication: Prof. Dr. Ahmed BaHammam

Can Jiang,1,* Zaiqiao Ding,2,* Tingrui Zan,1 Wenxia Liao,3 Hongyan Li,1 Xiao Yang,3 Shu Huang3 

1Department of Medical Psychology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China

*These authors contributed equally to this work

Correspondence: Shu Huang, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 10, Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 02368729170, Email hshs@tmmu.edu.cn Xiao Yang, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 10, Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 02368729170, Email yxxy@tmmu.edu.cn

Abstract: Chronic subjective tinnitus (CST) is frequently accompanied by anxiety and sleep disturbances, together forming a self-reinforcing cycle that significantly impairs patients’ quality of life and complicates clinical management. This narrative review aims to elucidate the shared pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these interrelated conditions and to evaluate current multidisciplinary therapeutic strategies. Relevant literature was identified through a targeted search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, focusing on recent clinical and translational studies addressing the neurobiology and treatment of CST, anxiety, and sleep disorders. Emerging evidence highlights the involvement of maladaptive auditory-limbic network connectivity, neurotransmitter imbalances (eg, GABA, glutamate, serotonin), dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, autonomic dysfunction, and disruption of circadian and sleep–wake regulatory pathways in the persistence and mutual reinforcement of these symptoms. Multimodal interventions—including cognitive behavioral therapy, sound therapy, pharmacotherapy, neuromodulation techniques, and targeted sleep interventions—have demonstrated synergistic benefits, particularly when tailored to individual neurobiological profiles. From a clinical perspective, recognizing the bidirectional interactions among tinnitus, affective dysregulation, and sleep impairment is essential for developing effective, integrative treatment frameworks. This review underscores the necessity of personalized, mechanism-informed therapeutic approaches and outlines key directions for future research.

Keywords: chronic tinnitus, anxiety, sleep disturbance, cognitive behavioral therapy, neuromodulation